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	<id>https://turbogap.fi/wiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Masses</id>
	<title>Masses - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://turbogap.fi/wiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Masses"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://turbogap.fi/wiki/index.php?title=Masses&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-05-24T01:07:11Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.34.2</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://turbogap.fi/wiki/index.php?title=Masses&amp;diff=348&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Miguel Caro at 13:10, 21 February 2023</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://turbogap.fi/wiki/index.php?title=Masses&amp;diff=348&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-02-21T13:10:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:10, 21 February 2023&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[masses]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; sets the masses for all the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[n_species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; atomic species in the simulation, in units of ''atomic mass units'' or ''Dalton'' (the mass of a &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;C atom is 12 u by definition; the average mass of the C isotopes present on Earth is approx. 12.01 u). The order in which the masses are specified must match the order in which the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; are specified.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[masses]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; sets the masses for all the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[n_species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; atomic species in the simulation, in units of ''atomic mass units'' or ''Dalton'' (the mass of a &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;C atom is 12 u by definition; the average mass of the C isotopes present on Earth is approx. 12.01 u). The order in which the masses are specified must match the order in which the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; are specified.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;If you don't provide a &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[masses]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; definition, '''TurboGAP''' will try to read them from a database of atomic masses, which contains masses for all chemical elements up to 96 electrons. In that case note that your &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; must follow case sensitivity for elements to be recognized in the database (e.g., for sodium use &amp;quot;Na&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;na&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;NA&amp;quot;). In either case, you can overwritten these values by providing the masses as an atoms array in your XYZ file.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Summary ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Summary ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Miguel Caro</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://turbogap.fi/wiki/index.php?title=Masses&amp;diff=120&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Miguel Caro at 16:44, 23 July 2021</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://turbogap.fi/wiki/index.php?title=Masses&amp;diff=120&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-07-23T16:44:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:44, 23 July 2021&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[masses]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; sets the masses for all the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[n_species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; atomic species in the simulation, in units of ''atomic mass units'' or ''Dalton'' (the mass of a &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;C atom is 12 u by definition; the average mass of the C isotopes present on Earth is approx. 12.01 u). The order in which the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;energies &lt;/del&gt;are specified must match the order in which the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; are specified.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[masses]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; sets the masses for all the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[n_species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; atomic species in the simulation, in units of ''atomic mass units'' or ''Dalton'' (the mass of a &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;C atom is 12 u by definition; the average mass of the C isotopes present on Earth is approx. 12.01 u). The order in which the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;masses &lt;/ins&gt;are specified must match the order in which the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; are specified.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Summary ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Summary ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Miguel Caro</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://turbogap.fi/wiki/index.php?title=Masses&amp;diff=119&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Miguel Caro: Created page with &quot;&lt;code&gt;masses&lt;/code&gt; sets the masses for all the &lt;code&gt;n_species&lt;/code&gt; atomic species in the simulation, in units of ''atomic mass units'' or ''Dalton'' (the mass of a...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://turbogap.fi/wiki/index.php?title=Masses&amp;diff=119&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-07-23T16:44:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/index.php/Masses&quot; title=&quot;Masses&quot;&gt;masses&lt;/a&gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; sets the masses for all the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/index.php/N_species&quot; title=&quot;N species&quot;&gt;n_species&lt;/a&gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; atomic species in the simulation, in units of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;atomic mass units&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Dalton&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (the mass of a...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[masses]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; sets the masses for all the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[n_species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; atomic species in the simulation, in units of ''atomic mass units'' or ''Dalton'' (the mass of a &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;C atom is 12 u by definition; the average mass of the C isotopes present on Earth is approx. 12.01 u). The order in which the energies are specified must match the order in which the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; are specified.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Summary ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ Summary for &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;masses&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; keyword&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;text-align:left;&amp;quot;| Required/optional&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;text-align:left;&amp;quot;| Type&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;text-align:left;&amp;quot;| Accepted values&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;text-align:left;&amp;quot;| Default&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;text-align:left;&amp;quot;| See also&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Required for MD&lt;br /&gt;
| Real array with dimension &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[n_species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| Any real array with dimension &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[n_species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| 0. for all species&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[n_species]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Example ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 [[n_species]] = 3&lt;br /&gt;
 [[species]] = H C O&lt;br /&gt;
 [[masses]] = 1.01 12.01 16.00&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Miguel Caro</name></author>
		
	</entry>
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